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Top Tax saving options: Should you invest in ELSS, PPF, NPS, insurance? Watch video

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Tax saving tips 2023: With the start of the new financial year, it’s time for tax planning. This year onwards, the question of tax planning becomes even more important given the revised new income tax regime for FY 2023-24.
Announced in the Budget 2023 speech by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, the revised new income tax regime doesn’t allow for a majority of the tax deductions and exemptions that are available in the old tax regime.
So the first thing you need to do is to check which tax regime is better for you based on your salary level and need to claim tax exemptions and deductions. In case the old tax regime still works for you, then tax saving investments assume an important role.

Tax Saving Tips 2023: From PPF, ELSS to NPS & ULIPs – top tax saving investments

In this week’s episode of TOI Wallet Talks, Ektha Surana, Tax Expert at Clear (formerly ClearTax) summarises the taxation related changes in popular investment instruments in the last few years.
For example, effective April 2023, an individual will have to pay tax on the maturity amount of life insurance policies (other than ULIPs) in case the aggregate annual premium exceeds Rs 5 lakh.
Also, in case you are looking to invest in Equity Linked Savings Scheme (ELSS), then note that ELSS will have EEE tax status only if you opt for the growth option and ensure that capital gains do not exceed Rs 1 lakh while redeeming.
If the employer’s total contributions to EPF, NPS and the superannuation fund exceed Rs 7.5 lakh, the excess amount will be taxable in the hands of the individual concerned. The interest on excess contribution will also be taxable
Watch the video above to know more about popular tax saving investments and which ones should you opt for – Public Provident Fund (PPF), National Pension System (NPS), ELSS, insurance policies, Sukanya Samriddhi Scheme, Unit Linked Insurance Plans or others.
Also, watch the video to find out the thumb rules for tax-based investment planning to make an informed decision about your investment needs.



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Opted for new income tax regime vs old? Don’t miss PPF, insurance & MFs – watch video

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Old versus New Income Tax Regime: As you choose between the old and the revised new income tax regime for the financial year 2023-24, one thing to remember is that investments still continue to be important. Irrespective of whether you derive tax benefits from investments or not, they serve a crucial role in your financial planning.
Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced a revised new income tax regime effective April 1, 2023, which will also from now on be the default tax regime. The new income tax regime has new income tax slabs for 2023-24 which offer lower tax rates but with the caveat of not being able to avail many exemptions and deductions.
Common exemptions claimed by salaried and individual taxpayers in the old tax regime such as benefits under Section 80C, Section 80D, House Rent Allowance (HRA), Leave Travel Allowance (LTA), interest on housing loan, Section 80TTA etc. are not allowed under the new income tax regime. Only a standard deduction of Rs 50,000 has been included from this year.

Old vs new tax regime: Why PPF, insurance, ULIPs, ELSS still matter | Investment tips

Does that mean that popular tax saving instruments lose their sheen? No. In this week’s episode of TOI Wallet Talks, we discuss important investment avenues you should consider even if you opt for the new income tax regime.
Kuldip Kumar, Personal Tax Expert and Former National Leader – Global Mobility Practice at PwC India lists out investment options for salaried individuals irrespective of their tax regime. Kuldip makes an important point that if opting for the new income tax regime leaves more disposable income in your hands, then it is wise to set aside some amount for investments that will yield good returns.
Watch the video above to understand why putting your money in life insurance policies, Unit Linked Insurance Plans (ULIPs), Equity Linked Savings Scheme (ELSS), Public Provident Fund (PPF), National Savings Certificate (NSC) and medical insurance still makes sense.



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Budget 2023 income tax: Why it’s time to hike limits for standard deduction, Section 80C, 80D & more

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Budget 2023: With the Union Budget 2023 just around the corner, the anticipation of relief in personal taxation is inevitable. The Income-tax Act, 1961 (Act) provides numerous deductions for individuals. However, the current limits of these deductions are quite low compared to the increased cost of living over the years. Some of the deductions/ exemptions for which the Government could consider revision of limits are:
Standard Deduction: While introducing the standard deduction of Rs 40,000, in the Union Budget 2018, the Finance Minister observed that a major portion of the personal income-tax collection was from the salaried class. The standard deduction was subsequently increased to Rs 50,000 in the Union Budget 2019. While Consumer Price Index Inflation has moderated to 5.9% in November 2022, it was at a high of 7.4% in September 2022, as compared to 4% in September 2019. Given the rise in the cost of living for individuals and since salaried taxpayers cannot claim a deduction for expenses incurred by them, the government could look at increasing the standard deduction.
80C: As a measure to encourage household savings, certain prescribed contributions to life insurance, provident fund (PF), savings instruments, repayment of housing loan etc., are allowed as a deduction up to Rs 150,000 under section 80C of the Act. The majority of this limit is usually utilised by the contribution to PF and principal repayment of housing loan; thereby leaving other contributions/ spends unutilized. This limit of Rs 150,000 was last revised in the financial year 2014–15. Hence, there is an expectation that the Government may consider revising it to Rs 2,50,000 in the current Union Budget.
Also Read | Budget 2023 income tax: Why concessional tax regime is not popular among taxpayers; 3 steps needed
80CCD: Deduction is allowed for contributions to pension scheme of the Central Government (such as National Pension System) as under:

We have seen that the limit of Rs 150,000 is generally exhausted by the deductions under Section 80C and may leave the taxpayers with little/ nothing to claim against their contribution under section 80CCD(1). Largely, they are able to claim only the additional deduction of Rs 50,000 under section 80CCD(1B) for their own contribution to the pension scheme. Hence, to provide some tangible benefit, the government may reconsider increasing this limit for individuals.
80D: An individual can claim deduction of Rs 25,000 for health insurance premiums paid for insuring the health of self or family, and Rs 25,000 for health of the individual’s parents. If insured is a resident senior citizen, the limit will be Rs 50,000. Medical expenses for resident senior citizens are also allowed as a deduction up to a maximum of Rs 50,000 if they do not have a health insurance. Medical expenses have substantially increased over the years especially due to the global pandemic. This has necessitated opting for health insurance plans with higher coverage and resultant higher premiums. Hence, it would be beneficial for individuals if these limits are increased.
Also Read | Union Budget 2023 income tax: Why FM Sitharaman should hike standard deduction – tax saving explained
Children Education allowance: Children Education Allowance and Hostel expenditure allowance are exempt up to Rs 100 and Rs 300 per month respectively. These limits set in August 1997 continue till date. As compared to the high expenses that are incurred on school and hostel fees in the present day, the current limits are insignificant and there is a need to revisit these exemptions.
Deduction for interest paid on self-occupied house property: The limit of Rs 2,00,000 for deduction of interest on housing loan for a self-occupied property was set in financial year 2014-15. The interest on housing loan is now much higher with increase in interest rates. Further, additional deduction of Rs 1,50,000 for interest on housing loan is available to taxpayers only if stipulated conditions are met. Hence, there is an expectation that this limit will be increased to at least Rs 3,00,000 to give some relief to taxpayers. Another associated relief that could be brought in is the removal of the cap of Rs 2,00,000 on set-off of loss from house property against other heads of income.
Also Read | Union Budget 2023: Will hiking basic exemption limit under new tax regime benefit taxpayers? Explained
The case for a rejig in the limits is strengthened when one compares these to other countries – to take a few examples, countries such as Singapore and Germany provide for various deductions for individual taxpayers. Singapore has child relief of SGD4,000 per child, spouse relief of SGD2,000, dependent parent relief of SGD9,000 etc. These deductions are in addition to earned income deduction in the range of SGD1,000 to SGD8,000. Similarly, Germany provides for children allowance of EUR227.50 per child per month and 30% deduction for school fees subject to a cap of EUR5,000 per child. These limits are much more in tune with current inflation and cost levels.
In addition, many countries provide for standard deduction/ personal allowance for individuals and some countries also permit employees to claim a deduction for the expenses incurred wholly in performance of duties and expenses incurred in working from home.
Also Read | Union Budget 2023-24: Why exemption for interest on savings bank account should be hiked
The ask for changes in these limits has been coming up in the past few years as well and while the government has been making a few changes and also introduced the concessional tax regime, a greater emphasis to relook at both the limits and the types of deductions/ exemptions is the need of the hour.
(Surabhi Marwah is Tax Partner, People Advisory Services, EY India. Ammu Sadanandhan, Director, People Advisory Services, EY India also contributed to the article. Views expressed are personal)



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Union Budget 2023 for salaried: Why income tax slabs need to be revised; top 4 expectations for individuals

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By Tapati Ghose
The Indian economy has been resilient during and post the pandemic, and is slowly returning to normalcy. From an individual’s perspective, the first expectation would be to spur investments and savings and the government would do well to channel these in the right direction. This could be put into effect in a few ways:
Expectation #1 Revision of tax slab rates:
As per current income-tax provisions, the highest slab rate (after including surcharge and cess) for income exceeding Rs 5 crores in India is 42.744%. This is significantly higher than some of the countries in Asia Pacific. To name a few- the highest tax rate for Hongkong is 17%, that of Singapore is 22%, while in Malaysia it is 30%.
The tax rates for individuals have not been changed since FY 2017-18, apart from the new tax regime, which is subject to onerous conditions. Hence, to give more purchasing power to individuals and provide some tax relief, it is expected that the highest tax rate of 30% be reduced to 25%, and the threshold limit for the highest tax rate be increased from Rs 10 lakhs to Rs 20 lakhs. With this, the highest slab rate (including surcharge and cess) may be reduced to 35.62% from 42.744%.
Similar changes may be considered under the new regime for annual income of Rs 15 lakhs and above as well.
Expectation #2 Increasing the limit for various deductions
With the intent to incentivise the lower and middle class that have faced the most hardship during COVID, the government is expected to relook at the deductions that are currently available, and that have remained unchanged for several years.

  1. Section 80C of the Act for payments/investments towards life insurance premia, contributions to provident fund, subscription to certain equity shares or debentures, etc., is capped at Rs 150,000. With increase in cost of living and increase in inflation, the government should look at increasing the limit under section 80C to Rs 250,000. This will have two-fold benefit – individual taxpayers would be willing to save more and in turn will benefit from a lower tax outgo, thereby increasing their disposable income to meet the rise in prices of various commodities.
  2. Section 80D – Deduction in respect of health insurance premium is capped at Rs 25,000/Rs 50,000. Considering the increase in the cost of medical treatment and insurances, the erstwhile limit under this section is expected to be revisited.
  3. Section 80TTA allows deduction of up to Rs 10,000 in the hands of individuals and HUFs, in respect of interest on savings account with banks, post offices and with co-operative societies carrying on business of banking. This benefit should be extended to all types of bank deposits including fixed deposits. Further, the limit should be increased from Rs 10,000 to Rs 50,000.
  4. Section 80EEA – In order to avail a deduction in respect of affordable housing, loans should be sanctioned during the period April 2019 to March 2022. With the rise in demand for residential real estate in metropolitan and Tier-II cities, it is expected that deduction be allowed for the following years as well. The condition for availing loan should be extended for at least 3 years i.e. up to 31st March 2025.
  5. 80EEB – Deduction in respect of purchase of electric vehicle is available only if loan has been sanctioned by the financial institution between April 2019 and 31st March 2023. The condition for availing such loan should be extended by at least 2 years i.e. up to 31st March 2025.

Also Read | Budget 2023: How income tax burden of common man can be reduced; top 3 ways
Expectation #3 Provide relief for expenditure incurred to work from home
The concept of a workplace has changed significantly, thanks to COVID. With homes becoming extensions of offices and the new workplace, employers need to ensure that employees, from administrative staff to senior management, are able to work efficiently and effectively. Facilities which in normal course are made available to employees in offices, must be extended to homes – not as benefits to employees, but to enable effective work. These facilities are not specifically called out as exempt in India’s taxation laws. It is crucial that this is clarified in the Budget to avoid litigation. Some areas of consideration are:
1) Support for infrastructure costs: These could include furniture such as ergonomic chairs, work tables, computers, power back up, OR could be
2) Periodic expenses: Internet charges, electricity bills, mobile expenses
3) Companies will be looking at alternatives to gym and crèche facilities in the offices
These may be provided as a reimbursement or as an allowance and should not be looked at as benefits that are taxable.
Expectation #4 – DTAA benefits at withholding stage
With travel returning to normal, employees have started moving across borders and will need to avail of relief under the Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement to avoid double taxation.
Section 192 of the Act provides for tax deduction at source on taxable salary, by the employer. However, it does not explicitly provide claiming DTAA benefit while calculating tax at source (TDS) in case of individuals.
Also Read | Budget 2023: Why FM Sitharaman should target reduction in fiscal deficit to GDP ratio
Typical benefits under DTAA would include the following:

  • Exemption of salary paid in India for services rendered outside India in case of individuals who qualify as a Non-resident (‘NR’) of India as per the DTAA
  • Foreign tax credit in case of individuals who qualify as Resident and Ordinarily resident (‘ROR’) of India.

Since the current provisions do not allow for relief under DTAA at withholding stage, higher tax is deposited which is claimed as refund at the tax return stage. It also poses hardship to employers such as cash flow and administrative challenges, in following up for refunds.
Section 192 should be amended to expressly provide that while calculating TDS at the time of payment of salary, benefit under DTAA should be provided for.
(The author is a Partner at Deloitte India. Views expressed are personal)



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Insurers Seek Higher 80C Investment Limit; Lower GST On Health Products

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Budget 2022: Insurers Seek Higher 80C Investment Limit; Lower GST On Health Products

Currently, all financial purchases under the Section (80C) are capped at Rs 1,50,000.

Mumbai:

Insurance companies are seeking a separate deduction limit of Rs 1 lakh for insurance premium payment under Section 80C of the Income Tax Act in the upcoming Union Budget to bring in more people under the ambit of insurance.

The insurers also want reduction in the goods and services tax (GST) rate of 18 per cent currently applied on health insurance products to 5 per cent to make such products more affordable to common people.

Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman will present the Union Budget for 2022-23 on February 1.

“The industry has long pending expectations from the policy makers for incentivizing people to get life insurance by giving a separate deduction limit of minimum Rs 1 lakh for insurance premium payment under Section 80C,” Tarun Rustagi Chief Financial Officer Canara HSBC OBC Life Insurance said.

Life insurance is a long-term solution, unlike other financial products which have a shorter investment horizon and are covered under the 80C provision.

Currently, all financial purchases are clubbed under the same I-T deduction section (80C) capped at Rs 1,50,000.

“We expect the budget to consider creating a separate section for tax deduction on premium paid towards life insurance. This would enable a more logical segregation of customer’s funds into long-term and short-term kitties,” Edelweiss Tokio Life Insurance Executive Director Subhrajit Mukhopadhyay said.

Ageas Federal Life Insurance Managing Director and CEO Vighnesh Shahane said the Section 80 C is currently cluttered with several investment options such as Public Provident Fund (PPF), Equity-Linked Savings Scheme (ELSS) and National Savings Certificate (NSC) amongst others.

“At least, a separate section for term policies would be helpful given the current scenario and the huge protection gap in the country,” Shahane said.

Future Generali India Life Insurance Senior VP and Head Products and Development Chinmay Bade said that life insurance is a proxy to social security in case of death of a person as well as survival and, therefore, the exemption limit of 1.5 lakh under Section 80C needs a revision.

As per IRDAI’s Annual Report-2020-21, insurance penetration in the country is at 4.2 per cent of the GDP vis-à-vis a global average of 7.4 per cent. As of March, 2021, the non-life insurance penetration stood at barely 1 per cent.

Liberty General Insurance CEO and Whole-Time Director Roopam Asthana said due to the uncertainty spurred by the Covid-19 pandemic, health insurance has become an everyday need in order to protect oneself from uncertainties and is more relevant than ever.

“Therefore, the government should consider a drastic reduction in the GST applicable on health insurance premiums which is currently charged at 18 per cent. This will encourage people to purchase health insurance and additional top-up plans to protect themselves from medical crises and emergencies,” Asthana noted.

Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Managing Director & CEO Tapan Singhel believes that the premium price over coverage plays a critical role in the purchasing decision for customers. With the 18 per cent GST applied to health insurance, the premium price goes up which becomes a deterrent in people opting for sufficient coverage, he noted.

According to Edelweiss General Insurance Executive Director & CEO Shanai Ghosh, protecting health is paramount and so health insurance should be viewed as an essential commodity.

“I would therefore request the Finance Minister to consider the reduction of GST for health insurance from the current 18 per cent to the lowest slab of 5 per cent. This move will also make health policies more affordable and push more and more people to buy a health cover,” Ghosh said.

Standalone health insurance player Niva Bupa Niva Bupa Health Insurance’s CEO and Managing Director (MD) Krishnan Ramachandran suggested that the government should consider doubling up the medical insurance limit under Section 80D to Rs 50,000 in light of higher medical expenses post COVID.

Echoing similar sentiments, Raheja QBE General Insurance MD and CEO Pankaj Arora said in order to encourage more people to purchase health insurance and to ensure that they purchase the appropriate quantity of coverage, section 80D income tax exemptions should be raised, ideally doubled.

As per Reliance General Insurance CEO Rakesh Jain, for the Union Budget 2022, the government should consider bringing healthcare facilities, such as diagnostic centers, specialty hospitals, wellness facilities, under the ‘infrastructure’ category.

“This will bring in funding from large institutions, including insurance companies that seek and have regulatory obligation of investments in ‘infrastructure assets’,” he said.

The insurance and healthcare sectors need to evolve together to boost access to quality and affordable healthcare to the masses, he said.

Willis Towers Watson’s Head (India) Rohit Jain said the insurance industry in India is recovering from a difficult year in which life and health insurance claims surged on account of the pandemic.

Understandably, the industry has been pressing for direct and indirect tax sops, primarily for cushioning from the pandemic impact, but also to improve penetration and increase the speed of insurance influence, he said.

“That said, it would be a tight rope walk for the government to maintain fiscal prudence by balancing these expectations with the general health of the exchequer, especially considering potential public health related expenditure in managing the pandemic itself,” Jain added.

(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)

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